Research Shows Drought-Stressed Canola, Tomatoes, and Rice Block Iron Uptake

Figure: Dr. Connor Fitzpatrick (right) with student Oluwadamilola Elizabeth Ajayi. Photo by Colette Derworiz

A study by scientists at the University of Calgary (UCalgary) has revealed that major agricultural crops, including canola, tomatoes, and rice, actively shut down their ability to absorb iron during drought. Published in the journal Cell, the research shows that drought stress triggers a fundamental genetic wiring change in plant roots. Instead of sending out a "cry for help" to soil microbes, drought-stressed plants simultaneously dial down both their immune systems and their inner iron-uptake machinery.

Lead author Dr. Connor Fitzpatrick, an assistant professor in UCalgary's Faculty of Science, explained that this biological shift alters how plants manage nutrients and interact with their environment. While the suppression of the plant's immune system allows a specific group of soil bacteria called *Streptomyces* to thrive, it does not guarantee a healthier plant. By testing their hypotheses on a wide variety of species, the research team proved that this iron-blocking mechanism is a widespread defense or stress response shared across vastly different types of crops.

The study's findings have troubling implications for global food security and human nutrition, particularly as climate change increases the frequency and severity of droughts worldwide. Because billions of people rely on crops like cereals and legumes for their dietary iron, water scarcity may not only lower crop yields but also diminish the actual nutritional quality of the food produced. Looking ahead, researchers hope these insights will pave the way for new agricultural innovations, such as specialized probiotic soil treatments or precision crop breeding designed to sustain iron uptake during dry spells.

For more details, read the article in UCalgary News.

See https://www.isaaa.org/kc/cropbiotechupdate/article/default.asp?ID=21842