Nanomaterials are materials at nanoscale as between 0.1 and 100 nanometer(1nm = 10^-9 m), which have large surface area, orientation, and physical properties, appropriate to be used in medicinal sciences, physics and chemistry. The use of gold nanoparticles in biological studies was first introduced by Faulk and Taylor (1971).

For establishing the favourable media for growth of Phaeoacremoniumparasiticum, the fungus was inoculated in five different media (Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Host Extract (50%) + PDB (50%) (HE + PDB), and the solid media viz., Rice Bran (RB), Maize Meal (MM) and Wheat Bran (WB)) at pH of 6.5 and incubated at a temperature of 30˚C ± 1˚C. The solid media wereadded with water at the rate of 70 ml/100g of solid substrate.

Panax  vietnamensis  Ha  et  Grushv.) is a specific and precious Panax in Vietnam with high economic pharmaceutical value.Embryo numbers by callus treatment, which derived from tubers exhibited higher volume than from leaves. The SH medium was observed to be more suitable to the formation of calli in which embrygenesis taking place potentially. Otherwise, the MS medium became better to be sensitive in case of embryogenesis from Ngoc Linh panax leaf calli.

Somatic embryogenesis from thin cell layer culture has been successfully conducted from jatropha leaves (Jatropha curcas L.). The MS medium, which was added by 0.5 mg/L of 2,4 D was obtained the best effectiveness to induce calli. The combination between 2,4 D and KIN was noticed to help somatic embryos create calli of jatropha.

The percentage of regenerants by Paphiopedium landraces viz. Van Hai, Lan Hai Hong and Lan Tam Dao obtained 22.40, 24.85 and 17.15 %, respectively under the SH medium plus 1.0 mg/L of TDZ, 0.3 mg/L of NAA, 9 g/L of agar and 30 g/L of sucrose at pH of 5.8

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in the world and feeds over half of the global population. However, rice production has been decreased due to climate change, especially salinity. Understanding the genetic bases of the diverse morphological and physiological traits associated with rice adaptation to salt affected environments provides the basis for improving yield, quality, and sustainability of rice productivity in saline areas.

Salt stress is one of the most brutal abiotic stresses that limit profitable rice production worldwide. Salinity causes complex interactions among different morphological, physiological and biochemical processes. Salinity may cause oxidative stress due to highly producing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to alteration plant metabolism. As a result, DNA, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and membranes are damaged.

Microorganisms play an important role in causing the damages on rice plant and affecting the quality of seed, of which fungi account for the largest group. More than 80 fungi including about 20 species of pathogens were detected from the rice seeds such as Bakanae and foot rot (Fusarium moniliforme, Sheld); Sheath rot (Sarocladium oryzae, Swada W. & D. Hawksw); Brown spot (Bipolaris oryzae, Shoem), 

Phytohormones play critical roles in plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential phytohormones required for optimum physiological processes of plant and their deficiency causes distinctive dwarf phenotypes with markedly shorter siliques in Arabidospsis. Homeostasis of BRs in plants is maintained by DWF4 enzyme that mediates multiple 22α-hydroxylation steps in brassinosteroid biosynthesis

1. Constitutively expressed ERF-VII transcription factors redundantly activate the coreanaerobic response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abstract:

Plant adaptation to hypoxic conditions is mediated by the transcriptional activation of genes involved in the metabolic reprogramming of plant cells to cope with reduced oxygen availability

Victoria holds a large proportion of the world’s lignite resource, being generally easy to access at low cost. Interest in the use of lignite as an organic amendment is increasing because it is a rich source of humic acids and can reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals. To date, there is no information about the effect of this amendment on soil biological properties

Acreage and grain yield (GY) of maize in Vietnam have continuously increased in recent years but GY (4.8 ton/ha) is till lower than that of the world average (5.2 ton/ha). Therefore, opportunities for increasing yield and production of maize in Vietnam as well as in Mekong Delta in particular are still very large. Ministry of Agriculture and Rurak Development is planning to shift 30 thousand ha of low efficiency rice growing areas in to maize by 2015 and 80 thousand ha by 2020.